February
7th Leviticus
4
The Sin Offering
1: And the LORD spake
unto Moses, saying, 2: Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If
a soul shall sin through ignorance against any of the commandments of
the LORD concerning things which ought not to be done, and shall do
against any of them: 3: If the priest that is anointed do sin
according to the sin of the people; then let him bring for his sin,
which he hath sinned, a young bullock without blemish unto the LORD
for a sin offering. 4: And he shall bring the bullock unto the door
of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD; and shall lay
his hand upon the bullock's head, and kill the bullock before the
LORD. 5: And the priest that is anointed shall take of the bullock's
blood, and bring it to the tabernacle of the congregation: 6: And the
priest shall dip his finger in the blood, and sprinkle of the blood
seven times before the LORD, before the vail of the sanctuary. 7: And
the priest shall put some of the blood upon the horns of the altar of
sweet incense before the LORD, which is in the tabernacle of the
congregation: and shall pour all the blood of the bullock at the
bottom of the altar of the burnt offering, which is at the door of
the tabernacle of the congregation. 8: And he shall take off from it
all the fat of the bullock for the sin offering; the fat that
covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards, 9:
And the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, which is by the
flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he
take away, 10: As it was taken off from the bullock of the sacrifice
of peace offerings: and the priest shall burn them upon the altar of
the burnt offering. 11: And the skin of the bullock, and all his
flesh, with his head, and with his legs, and his inwards, and his
dung, 12: Even the whole bullock shall he carry forth without the
camp unto a clean place, where the ashes are poured out, and burn him
on the wood with fire: where the ashes are poured out shall he be
burnt. 13: And if the whole congregation of Israel sin through
ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and
they have done somewhat against any of the commandments of the LORD
concerning things which should not be done, and are guilty; 14: When
the sin, which they have sinned against it, is known, then the
congregation shall offer a young bullock for the sin, and bring him
before the tabernacle of the congregation. 15: And the elders of the
congregation shall lay their hands upon the head of the bullock
before the LORD: and the bullock shall be killed before the LORD. 16:
And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock's blood to
the tabernacle of the congregation: 17: And the priest shall dip his
finger in some of the blood, and sprinkle it seven times before the
LORD, even before the vail. 18: And he shall put some of the blood
upon the horns of the altar which is before the LORD, that is in the
tabernacle of the congregation, and shall pour out all the blood at
the bottom of the altar of the burnt offering, which is at the door
of the tabernacle of the congregation. 19: And he shall take all his
fat from him, and burn it upon the altar. 20: And he shall do with
the bullock as he did with the bullock for a sin offering, so shall
he do with this: and the priest shall make an atonement for them, and
it shall be forgiven them. 21: And he shall carry forth the bullock
without the camp, and burn him as he burned the first bullock: it is
a sin offering for the congregation. 22: When a ruler hath sinned,
and done somewhat through ignorance against any of the commandments
of the LORD his God concerning things which should not be done, and
is guilty; 23: Or if his sin, wherein he hath sinned, come to his
knowledge; he shall bring his offering, a kid of the goats, a male
without blemish: 24: And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the
goat, and kill it in the place where they kill the burnt offering
before the LORD: it is a sin offering. 25: And the priest shall take
of the blood of the sin offering with his finger, and put it upon the
horns of the altar of burnt offering, and shall pour out his blood at
the bottom of the altar of burnt offering. 26: And he shall burn all
his fat upon the altar, as the fat of the sacrifice of peace
offerings: and the priest shall make an atonement for him as
concerning his sin, and it shall be forgiven him. 27: And if any one
of the common people sin through ignorance, while he doeth somewhat
against any of the commandments of the LORD concerning things which
ought not to be done, and be guilty; 28: Or if his sin, which he hath
sinned, come to his knowledge: then he shall bring his offering, a
kid of the goats, a female without blemish, for his sin which he hath
sinned. 29: And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin
offering, and slay the sin offering in the place of the burnt
offering. 30: And the priest shall take of the blood thereof with his
finger, and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt offering, and
shall pour out all the blood thereof at the bottom of the altar. 31:
And he shall take away all the fat thereof, as the fat is taken away
from off the sacrifice of peace offerings; and the priest shall burn
it upon the altar for a sweet savour unto the LORD; and the priest
shall make an atonement for him, and it shall be forgiven him. 32:
And if he bring a lamb for a sin offering, he shall bring it a female
without blemish. 33: And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the
sin offering, and slay it for a sin offering in the place where they
kill the burnt offering 34: And the priest shall take of the blood of
the sin offering with his finger, and put it upon the horns of the
altar of burnt offering, and shall pour out all the blood thereof at
the bottom of the altar: 35: And he shall take away all the fat
thereof, as the fat of the lamb is taken away from the sacrifice of
the peace offerings; and the priest shall burn them upon the altar,
according to the offerings made by fire unto the LORD: and the priest
shall make an atonement for his sin that he hath committed, and it
shall be forgiven him.
Leviticus
5 Uncleanness
1: And if a soul sin, and
hear the voice of swearing, and is a witness, whether he hath seen or
known of it; if he do not utter it, then he shall bear his iniquity.
2: Or if a soul touch any unclean thing, whether it be a carcase of
an unclean beast, or a carcase of unclean cattle, or the carcase of
unclean creeping things, and if it be hidden from him; he also shall
be unclean, and guilty. 3: Or if he touch the uncleanness of man,
whatsoever uncleanness it be that a man shall be defiled withal, and
it be hid from him; when he knoweth of it, then he shall be guilty.
4: Or if a soul swear, pronouncing with his lips to do evil, or to do
good, whatsoever it be that a man shall pronounce with an oath, and
it be hid from him; when he knoweth of it, then he shall be guilty in
one of these. 5: And it shall be, when he shall be guilty in one of
these things, that he shall confess that he hath sinned in that
thing: 6: And he shall bring his trespass offering unto the LORD for
his sin which he hath sinned, a female from the flock, a lamb or a
kid of the goats, for a sin offering; and the priest shall make an
atonement for him concerning his sin. 7: And if he be not able to
bring a lamb, then he shall bring for his trespass, which he hath
committed, two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, unto the LORD; one
for a sin offering, and the other for a burnt offering. 8: And he
shall bring them unto the priest, who shall offer that which is for
the sin offering first, and wring off his head from his neck, but
shall not divide it asunder: 9: And he shall sprinkle of the blood of
the sin offering upon the side of the altar; and the rest of the
blood shall be wrung out at the bottom of the altar: it is a sin
offering. 10: And he shall offer the second for a burnt offering,
according to the manner: and the priest shall make an atonement for
him for his sin which he hath sinned, and it shall be forgiven him.
11: But if he be not able to bring two turtledoves, or two young
pigeons, then he that sinned shall bring for his offering the tenth
part of an ephah of fine flour for a sin offering; he shall put no
oil upon it, neither shall he put any frankincense thereon: for it is
a sin offering. 12: Then shall he bring it to the priest, and the
priest shall take his handful of it, even a memorial thereof, and
burn it on the altar, according to the offerings made by fire unto
the LORD: it is a sin offering. 13: And the priest shall make an
atonement for him as touching his sin that he hath sinned in one of
these, and it shall be forgiven him: and the remnant shall be the
priest's, as a meat offering.
The
Trespass Offering
14: And the LORD spake
unto Moses, saying, 15: If a soul commit a trespass, and sin through
ignorance, in the holy things of the LORD; then he shall bring for
his trespass unto the LORD a ram without blemish out of the flocks,
with thy estimation by shekels of silver, after the shekel of the
sanctuary, for a trespass offering: 16: And he shall make amends for
the harm that he hath done in the holy thing, and shall add the fifth
part thereto, and give it unto the priest: and the priest shall make
an atonement for him with the ram of the trespass offering, and it
shall be forgiven him. 17: And if a soul sin, and commit any of these
things which are forbidden to be done by the commandments of the
LORD; though he wist it not, yet is he guilty, and shall bear his
iniquity. 18: And he shall bring a ram without blemish out of the
flock, with thy estimation, for a trespass offering, unto the priest:
and the priest shall make an atonement for him concerning his
ignorance wherein he erred and wist it not, and it shall be forgiven
him. 19: It is a trespass offering: he hath certainly trespassed
against the LORD.
Next Moses describes the
instructions of the Lord concerning the Sin Offering and the Trespass
Offering. But in between them he describes the law of the LORD
concerning uncleanness. The Law of Moses had two aspects to it. There
was the laws of the Lord which were the rule of life for the children
of Israel and they were both positive and negative. And obedience to
the law was expected of Israel. Those obeyed the law were called ‘the
righteous’. Obedience to the law never brought salvation to Israel
as Christians understand it in fact under the law salvation was not
possible. One cannot be under the Mosaic Law and under grace at the
same time and we know that salvation is by grace. If Israel kept the
law they received the blessings of God but if they sinned and forsook
the Lord then they came under the curses. For the Christian under
grace things are very different. Christians are saved by grace and
possess every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ.
And Christians never come under the condemnation of God because their
sins have been completely forgiven - they are in Christ and in Christ
they are forever accepted in the beloved (Christ). The apostle Paul
before he was converted remained a law keeping Jew with a clear
conscience. What this means is that if he sinned then he came to the
priest and offered a sin offering and his sin was covered. In
Philippians 3 Paul says… 6:
Concerning zeal, persecuting the church; touching the righteousness
which is in the law, blameless. 7:
But what things were gain to me, those I counted loss for Christ. 8:
Yea doubtless, and I count all things but loss for the excellency of
the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord: for whom I have suffered the
loss of all things, and do count them but dung, that I may win
Christ, 9:
And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of
the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the
righteousness which is of God by faith: So
for Paul to become saved he had to leave off his law keeping and come
as an unworthy sinner to receive the righteousness of Christ by
grace. This was a righteousness that was of God – by faith. Lets
get back to the Sin Offering. This offering was atonement for sin. It
was not a sweet smell to the Lord and it was for sins of commission
and omission. In this offering the sins of the people are confessed
before the Lord and some of the blood is put on the horns of the
altar and the rest of it is poured out at the base of the altar. This
sacrifice did not bring about forgiveness of sins but the sins were
covered. Then the whole animal was burnt outside the camp. Next Moses
turns his attention to the subject of uncleanness. We see at once
that if a man hears the voice of swearing then he is unclean. If a
man touch an unclean thing like the carcase of a dead animal even if
he is unaware of it he is unclean. If a man comes into contact with
uncleanness in mankind then he is unclean. If a man finds himself to
be unclean then he is to bring his Trespass Offering to the Lord.
Israel was to be holy to the LORD in the sense that they were to be
clean before the Lord. If they became unclean then a Trespass
Offering was offered to the Lord. The Trespass Offering was a ram
without blemish and the offerer also brought money. And if he owes a
certain sum then he must bring 20% extra to make amends for what harm
has been done.
- What is the spiritual significance of the sin offering?
- What did it mean in Israel to be unclean?
- What was the trespass offering?
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